Endocrine Abstracts

Background: Wolfram syndrome is an autosomal recessive neurodegenerative disorder characterised by Diabetes Insipidus, Diabetes Mellitus, Optic Atrophy and Deafness (also referred to as DIDMOAD). An estimated prevalence is 1 in 770,000 and an estimated carrier frequency is 1 in 354. Herein, we describe the course of wolfram syndrome in two female siblings.Case presentations: The first patient is a 30-year ...

Background: Graves’ orbitopathy (GO), also known as thyroid eye disease, is an autoimmune condition and is one of the main extrathyroidal manifestations of Graves’ disease. GO is relatively rare and usually accompanies the onset or develops soon after the Graves’ disease. We present a case of GO that developed 18 years later from total thyroidectomy. Case report: A 64-year-old men presented at the ophthalmology clinic with one-month histor...

Background: Graves’ orbitopathy (GO) is one of the extrathyroidal manifestations of Graves’ disease (GD), an autoimmune condition characterised by increased antibodies against TSH receptors (TRAb). The prevalence of GO among patients with GD is up to 40%. Moderate-to-severe, sight-threatening and sometimes even mild GO have significant negative impact on patient’s quality of life (QoL). Various clinical presentations of GD itself, evaluation and timely managemen...

Background: September is celebrated as PCOS awareness month worldwide and is aimed at improving the lives of those with PCOS, promoting research, and strengthening advocacy efforts. While significant financial and human resources are invested in promotions during this month, to the best of our knowledge, there is no evidence to show the impact of this initiative. In our study, we evaluated the global digital impact of PCOS Awareness Month, tracking commonly used hashtags as su...

Introduction: Older age and diabetes are both risk factors for frailty. Functional decline and disability in older, frail adults with diabetes results in an increased susceptibility to falls and hospital admission. Hypoglycaemia is common and more likely to result in hospital admission in older adults with diabetes and frailty. An HbA1c of below 7% (53 mmol/mol) is likely to represent overtreatment of hyperglycaemia. JBDS has recommended a review of HbA1c...

IntroductionRecently, apart from its main physiologic role, the active form of vitamin D has also been recognised to have anti-inflammatory and immune-modulating properties. Accumulating evidence suggests that Vitamin D deficiency is associated with increased prevalence of various autoimmune diseases, and in particular, with autoimmune thyroid disease. Despite contradicting evidence, the balance is tipping towards inverse correlation between vitamin D de...

Background: Hypophysitis is a rare inflammatory condition of the pituitary gland, speculated to have autoimmune aetiology. The diverse clinical presentations rely on hormonal deficiencies and the pathophysiological impact on the target organs. This condition may give rise to life-threatening complications. MRI is the best imaging modality for diagnosis and the conclusive diagnosis necessitates a biopsy of the affected tissue. The optimal management approach remains a subject o...

Introduction: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) affects 10-15% of women worldwide, depending on the population and the diagnostic criteria used. The diagnostic criteria include clinical and/or biochemical hyperandrogenism, oligo/anovulation, and polycystic morphologic appearance of the ovaries. PCOS is associated with high risk of obesity, diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, and a wide spectrum of mental health disorders. Despite international recommendations, there is still lac...

Introduction: Small-group teaching (SGT) has been widely adopted in medical education to promote problem-based learning and enhance the process of deep learning. Simulation via Instant Messaging - Birmingham Advance (SIMBA) is a simulation-based learning approach using WhatsApp and Zoom to increase participants’ confidence in managing various clinical scenarios.Aim: To investigate whether SIMBA provided similar knowledge and experiences as compared ...

Introduction : Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is associated with broad reproductive, metabolic and psychological complications, as well as significant heterogeneity in presentation between and within individuals across the lifespan. Therefore, there is a need for a multidisciplinary approach. A model of care (MoC) is conceptualised as an overarching provision of care that is codesigned with end-users and aligns with evidence-based practice and defined standards. The internat...